Top Robotics & Physical AI Researchers (2026)

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In shortLeading robotics and physical-AI researchers in 2026 include Sergey Levine and Chelsea Finn (UC Berkeley / Stanford / Physical Intelligence). They also include Karol Hausman (Physical Intelligence), Pieter Abbeel, and Deepak Pathak (Skild AI). This guide profiles 32 researchers. It covers vision-language-action (VLA) models, humanoid control, robot world models, and learning across robot bodies.

What is physical AI?

Physical AI, also called embodied AI, gives robots and physical systems general-purpose intelligence. These systems perceive, reason, and act across many tasks and body types. The current frontier is the vision-language-action (VLA) model. A single neural network maps camera images and language instructions directly to robot motor commands. Researchers train it on large collections of demonstrations and video, as they train language models on text.

Physical AI brings foundation models into manufacturing, logistics, and work in homes. The developing system combines robot data, general-purpose policies, control, and deployment. Several researchers below founded companies that build these parts.

Robotics & physical AI researchers by subfield

SubfieldLeading researchersWhy it mattersNotable work
Vision-language-action (VLA) modelsSergey Levine · Chelsea Finn · Karol Hausman · Brian Ichter · Karl Pertsch · Kevin Black · Moo Jin KimGeneral-purpose policies map vision and language directly to robot actions.π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model
Dexterous & imitation-learned manipulationCheng Chi · Shuran Song · Tony Zhao · Lerrel Pinto · Nur Muhammad Shafiullah · Robert Platt · Dieter FoxThese methods learn fine manipulation from demonstrations and diffusion policies.Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning
Legged locomotion & humanoidsDeepak Pathak · Zipeng Fu · Xinyang Gu · Kyle Stachowicz · Jianyu ChenReinforcement learning trains agile control for legged robots and humanoids.Rapid Motor Adaptation (RMA) for legged robots
Cross-embodiment & robot dataKarl Pertsch · Alexander Khazatsky · Oier Mees · Suraj Nair · Abhinav GuptaTrain one policy across many robot bodies with shared, pooled datasets.Open X-Embodiment (RT-X)
Foundation models, perception & simHe Wang · Hao Dong · Yuke Zhu · Russ Tedrake · Andy Zeng · Jitendra Malik · Masayoshi Tomizuka · Hesheng WangThis area covers robot foundation models, 3D perception, simulation, and world models for robots.6-DOF GraspNet
PioneersField-definers · 8

Pieter Abbeel

AcademiaFrontier lab

Professor (EECS), UC Berkeley · Amazon Scholar; co-leads Frontier AI & Robotics, heads AGI LLM efforts, Amazon

PhD · Stanford University — Andrew Ng

Berkeley professor of robotics and deep RL, BAIR co-director, and Covariant co-founder. A pioneer of robot learning.

He pioneered deep RL and imitation learning and co-founded Covariant. Recent work includes DreamDojo, a general-purpose robot world model trained on 44,000 hours of human video. He also works on humanoid parkour with real robots.

Jianyu Chen

StartupAcademia

Co-founder & CEO, Robot Era · Assistant Professor, Tsinghua University (IIIS)

PhD · UC Berkeley — Masayoshi Tomizuka (Mechanical Systems Control Lab)

Founder and CEO of Robot Era, which builds STAR1, XHand, and ERA-42. Tsinghua IIIS researcher in RL and contact-rich manipulation.

Robot Era’s founder is a faculty member at Tsinghua IIIS. He leads RL-based humanoid locomotion and transfer from simulation to real systems. He also works on VLA architectures, including BagelVLA and VLM4VLA.

Chelsea Finn

AcademiaStartup

Assistant Professor, Stanford University · Co-founder, Physical Intelligence

PhD · UC Berkeley — Pieter Abbeel & Sergey Levine (BAIR)

Pioneered meta-learning (MAML) and robot imitation learning. Stanford professor and co-founder of Physical Intelligence.

She pioneered meta-learning and co-founded Physical Intelligence. She coauthored pi-0.6, which uses RL self-improvement for VLAs that fold laundry and make espresso in real homes. She also coauthored Cosmos Policy, which fine-tunes a video model into a state-of-the-art robot policy.

Karol Hausman

Startup

Co-founder & CEO, Physical Intelligence

PhD · University of Southern California (USC) — Gaurav Sukhatme (Robotic Embedded Systems Lab)

Co-founder and CEO of Physical Intelligence and a robot-learning researcher. Previously at Google DeepMind. Stanford adjunct.

As CEO and co-founder of Physical Intelligence, he builds the pi-series VLA foundation models. Commercial deployments include laundry folding and packaging. He has long led work on robot learning across different bodies.

Sergey Levine

AcademiaStartup

Associate Professor (EECS), UC Berkeley · Co-founder, Physical Intelligence

PhD · Stanford University — Vladlen Koltun (advisor); co-advised by Patrick Hanrahan

Studies deep RL and robot learning. Co-founded Physical Intelligence and contributes to pi0 and RT-2 robot foundation models.

The most-cited researcher in modern robot learning. He drove the shift to large-scale robot control based on data and co-founded Physical Intelligence. Recent work includes steerable and asynchronous VLA policies for embodied reasoning.

Deepak Pathak

StartupAcademia

Co-founder & CEO, Skild AI · Raj Reddy Associate Professor of Robotics, Carnegie Mellon University

PhD · UC Berkeley — Alexei (Alyosha) Efros & Trevor Darrell (BAIR)

Skild AI co-founder and CEO and CMU robotics professor. Studies curiosity-driven exploration and transfer of robot learning from simulation to real systems.

Skild AI’s CEO originated curiosity-driven learning. He drives omni-bodied learning from human video and object-centric world models for general manipulation. This work includes Latent Particle World Models.

He Wang

AcademiaStartup

Tenure-track Assistant Professor, Peking University (CFCS / EPIC Lab) · Founder & CTO, Galbot

PhD · Stanford University — Leonidas J. Guibas (Geometric Computing Group)

At PKU CFCS and EPIC Lab, he studies embodied AI and 3D vision. Known for category-level 6D pose (NOCS) and dexterous grasping. Galbot founder and CTO.

He leads embodied AI and dexterous manipulation at Peking University. He built LDA-1B, a billion-parameter robot foundation model trained on 30,000 hours of embodied data.

Tony Zhao

Startup

Co-founder & CEO, Sunday Robotics

PhD · Stanford University (incomplete — left PhD in 2024) — Chelsea Finn (IRIS Lab); also part-time at Google DeepMind

Created ALOHA and ACT for low-cost bimanual robot learning. Co-founder and CEO of Sunday Robotics, which builds the Memo home robot.

Sunday Robotics’ CEO is first author of ACT and ALOHA. This low-cost system combines bimanual teleoperation and imitation learning. It became a standard for dexterous manipulation research.

Leading researchersShaping the field today · 16

Cheng Chi

Startup

Co-founder & CTO, Sunday Robotics

PhD · Columbia University — Shuran Song

Co-founder and CTO of Sunday Robotics, which builds the Memo home robot. Created Diffusion Policy and the UMI gripper.

Sunday Robotics’ CTO is first author of Diffusion Policy and UMI (Universal Manipulation Interface). These are two of the most widely adopted methods in robot imitation learning.

Dieter Fox

AcademiaInstitute

Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington · Senior Director of Robotics Research, Allen Institute for AI (Ai2)

PhD · University of Bonn — Computer Science (Armin B. Cremers' group)

Studies probabilistic robotics, particle filters, grasping, and pose estimation. Now leads robot foundation models at Ai2.

He leads robotics research at NVIDIA and UW. Recent work includes PointWorld’s 3D point-flow world models and scaling test-time computation for VLAs.

Jitendra Malik

AcademiaFrontier lab

Arthur J. Chick Professor of EECS, UC Berkeley · VP & Distinguished Scientist, Amazon FAR (Frontier AI & Robotics)

PhD · Stanford University — Thomas Binford's robotics/vision group

Computer-vision pioneer known for normalized cuts, R-CNN, and shape contexts. Now leads robotics research at Amazon FAR.

One of the most influential computer-vision researchers. He now drives vision for robotics and general-purpose robot world models at UC Berkeley and NVIDIA.

Karl Pertsch

Startup

Member of Technical Staff, Physical Intelligence

PhD · University of Southern California (USC) — Joseph Lim (CLVR Lab)

Studies robot foundation models and large-scale datasets. Co-led Open X-Embodiment, OpenVLA, DROID, and Octo.

A lead contributor to OpenVLA, DROID, and FAST action tokenization. These open-source tools are central to VLA models that operate across robot bodies.

Lerrel Pinto

Frontier labAcademia

Roboticist, Meta Superintelligence Labs · Assistant Professor of Computer Science, New York University

PhD · Carnegie Mellon University — Abhinav Gupta

Studies robot learning, large-scale self-supervised grasping, and affordable open-source robots. Co-founded ARI, which Meta acquired.

He leads dexterous-manipulation research at NYU and advances self-supervised and large-scale robot learning.

Robert Platt

Academia

Associate Professor, Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University

PhD · University of Massachusetts Amherst — Autonomous Learning Laboratory (Andrew Barto / Roderic Grupen)

Northeastern roboticist who studies equivariant models for robot manipulation that needs less data. Also affiliated with RAI Institute.

Shuran Song

Academia

Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering (and Computer Science, by courtesy); Director, Robotics and Embodied AI Lab (REAL), Stanford University

PhD · Princeton University — Thomas Funkhouser (Princeton Vision & Robotics Group)

Leads Stanford REAL Lab. Co-created Diffusion Policy and UMI for visuomotor robot learning.

She leads 3D perception and manipulation research at Stanford. She contributes extensively to learned manipulation and scene understanding.

Russ Tedrake

AcademiaFrontier lab

Toyota Professor, EECS / MechE / AeroAstro; member of CSAIL, Massachusetts Institute of Technology · Senior Vice President of Large Behavior Models, Toyota Research Institute

PhD · Massachusetts Institute of Technology — MIT (Computational Cognitive Science / Sebastian Seung)

MIT professor and TRI Senior Vice President of Large Behavior Models. Created Drake. Studies large behavior models for dexterous manipulation.

He leads robot control and underactuated-systems research at MIT and Toyota Research Institute. He created Drake simulation and the LBM/Diffusion-Policy line of manipulation research.

Yuke Zhu

AcademiaFrontier lab

Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Texas at Austin · Director & Distinguished Research Scientist (co-leads GEAR), NVIDIA Research

PhD · Stanford University — Fei-Fei Li & Silvio Savarese (Stanford Vision Lab)

UT Austin professor and NVIDIA GEAR co-lead. Studies general-purpose robot learning. Created robosuite and Eureka.

He leads robot learning and simulation at UT Austin and NVIDIA. He coauthored DreamZero, a 14-billion-parameter video-diffusion world model for real-time robot control with feedback.

Rising starsEmerging first-authors · 8

Xinyang Gu

Startup

Researcher / Engineer, RobotEra

PhD · Tsinghua University — Jianyu Chen (Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute / Tsinghua)

RobotEra researcher behind Humanoid-Gym and humanoid locomotion through transfer from simulation to real systems (DWL).

First author of Denoising World Model research for humanoid locomotion, which won RSS 2024 Outstanding Paper. A co-founder at RobotEra.

Alexander Khazatsky

StartupAcademia

Co-founder & CTO, CollectedAI · PhD candidate, Stanford University

PhD · Stanford University — IRIS Lab (Chelsea Finn)

Lead author of DROID, a large-scale dataset of robot manipulation in real-world settings. CollectedAI co-founder and CTO.

First author of DROID (RSS 2024), the largest dataset of robot manipulation in real-world settings.

Suraj Nair

Startup

Founding Researcher / Member of Technical Staff, Physical Intelligence

PhD · Stanford University — Chelsea Finn & Silvio Savarese (Stanford AI Lab / IRIS)

Founding researcher at Physical Intelligence. Scales robot learning through VLA foundation models, including R3M and pi0.

A key contributor to Physical Intelligence’s R3M and pi-0 foundation models for visual representation and robot control.

Nur Muhammad Shafiullah

Academia

Postdoctoral Researcher, UC Berkeley (BAIR)

PhD · New York University (Courant Institute) — Lerrel Pinto (NYU Robot Learning Lab)

Studies robot learning from demonstrations, including Behavior Transformers and Dobb-E for household manipulation.

Known for DynaMem, Behavior Transformers. Received a CoRL workshop best-paper award and contributes extensively to robot learning.

Companies building in robotics & physical AI

  • 1X TechnologiesX ↗ — Builds NEO, a humanoid robot for homes.
  • Agility RoboticsX ↗ — Digit is a bipedal robot deployed in warehouses.
  • ApptronikX ↗ — Apollo is a commercial humanoid for logistics and manufacturing.
  • Archetype AIX ↗ — Develops a multimodal foundation model of the physical world that combines sensor data.
  • Chef RoboticsX ↗ — Uses AI robotic arms and ChefOS for food assembly.
  • CollectedAI — Provides DROID, a large-scale dataset of robot manipulation in real-world settings.
  • CovariantX ↗ — RFM-1 is a robotics foundation model for warehouse manipulation.
  • DexmateX ↗ — Vega is a general-purpose mobile manipulation robot.
  • DexterityX ↗ — Develops physical AI for manipulation in industrial logistics.
  • Figure AIX ↗ — Builds general-purpose humanoid robots with the Helix VLA model.
  • Generalist AIX ↗ — Develops embodied foundation models for dexterity, including GEN-1.
  • Genesis AIX ↗ — Develops complete robot systems and Genesis World physics simulation for training.
  • Inheritance AI — Provides infrastructure that converts video to kinematic data for robot foundation models.
  • Physical IntelligenceX ↗ — Develops pi-0 VLA foundation models intended for any robot platform.
  • Robot EraX ↗ — Builds humanoids with the ERA-42 VLA model. The company originated at Tsinghua.
  • Sanctuary AIX ↗ — Builds general-purpose humanoids with the Carbon control system.
  • Skild AIX ↗ — Develops an omni-bodied robot brain for humanoids, arms, and quadrupeds.
  • Sunday RoboticsX ↗ — Builds the Memo home robot and collects data with a glove that captures skills.
  • Unitree RoboticsX ↗ — Builds affordable G1 and H1 humanoids and quadrupeds.

Frequently asked questions

Who is the most influential AI researcher in robotics?

Sergey Levine (UC Berkeley / Physical Intelligence) and Chelsea Finn (Stanford / Physical Intelligence) are the two most-cited figures in modern robot learning. They helped drive the shift to large-scale robot learning and vision-language-action models. Pieter Abbeel and Karol Hausman also helped define the field.

What is a vision-language-action (VLA) model?

A VLA model is a single neural network. It takes camera images and a natural-language instruction, then directly produces robot motor actions. It applies the foundation-model approach to robotics. Examples include OpenVLA, Physical Intelligence’s pi-0 and pi-0.6, and Google DeepMind’s Gemini Robotics.

Which companies are leading in physical AI?

Physical Intelligence and NVIDIA lead work on infrastructure for robot foundation models. Figure and Robot Era lead work on humanoids. Skild AI leads work on learning general manipulation from human video.

How is this guide compiled?

This guide maps researchers, their attributed work, research areas, and relevant companies from linked public sources. The profile groups are Pioneers, Leading researchers, and Rising stars. The technical content is a July 6, 2026 snapshot. X profiles and the public follow list were checked on October 8, 2026. Unverified social accounts are omitted.

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